Active Voice - Passive Voice
📖 What is Active Voice? (एक्टिव वॉयस क्या है?)
जब वाक्य का कर्ता (subject) खुद कार्य करता है, और कर्म (object) कार्य को प्राप्त करता है — तो उस वाक्य को Active Voice कहते हैं।
👉 Structure:
Subject + Verb + Object
✔️ Examples:
-
Ram reads a book.
राम किताब पढ़ता है। -
She sings a song.
वह गाना गाती है। -
The teacher teaches the students.
शिक्षक छात्रों को पढ़ाते हैं।
📖 What is Passive Voice? (पैसिव वॉयस क्या है?)
जब वाक्य का कर्म (object) को प्रमुखता दी जाती है, और कर्ता (subject) या तो वाक्य में बाद में आता है या गायब होता है — तो उसे Passive Voice कहते हैं।
👉 Structure:
Object + Helping Verb (to be) + Past Participle (V3) + by + Subject
✔️ Examples:
-
A book is read by Ram.
एक किताब राम द्वारा पढ़ी जाती है। -
A song is sung by her.
एक गाना उसके द्वारा गाया जाता है। -
The students are taught by the teacher.
छात्र शिक्षक द्वारा पढ़ाए जाते हैं।
📊 Active और Passive Voice का फ़र्क
| Active Voice (कर्ता प्रधान) | Passive Voice (कर्म प्रधान) |
|---|---|
| Subject करता है | Object पर कार्य होता है |
| Ram reads a book. | A book is read by Ram. |
| She sings a song. | A song is sung by her. |
| The boy plays football. | Football is played by the boy. |
🎯 Passive Voice कैसे बनाएँ?
Active Voice को Passive Voice में बदलने के लिए:
-
Object को वाक्य की शुरुआत में लाएँ।
-
Tense के अनुसार to be form (is, am, are, was, were, will be, has been, etc.) का प्रयोग करें।
-
Main verb का past participle (V3) लगाएँ।
-
by के बाद subject (अगर ज़रूरी हो तो) लगाएँ।
✔️ कुछ और उदाहरण (Present, Past, Future)
| Tense | Active | Passive |
|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | I write a letter. | A letter is written by me. |
| Past Simple | She made a cake. | A cake was made by her. |
| Future Simple | They will build a house. | A house will be built by them. |
✅ निष्कर्ष
-
Active Voice: जब subject खुद काम करे
-
Passive Voice: जब object पर काम हो
📖 Tense-wise Active → Passive Voice Chart
| Tense | Active Voice | Passive Voice | हिंदी अर्थ |
|---|---|---|---|
| Present Simple | Ram writes a letter. | A letter is written by Ram. | राम एक पत्र लिखता है। |
| Present Continuous | Ram is writing a letter. | A letter is being written by Ram. | राम एक पत्र लिख रहा है। |
| Present Perfect | Ram has written a letter. | A letter has been written by Ram. | राम ने एक पत्र लिखा है। |
| Present Perfect Continuous | ❌ No Passive Form | — | — |
| Past Simple | Ram wrote a letter. | A letter was written by Ram. | राम ने एक पत्र लिखा। |
| Past Continuous | Ram was writing a letter. | A letter was being written by Ram. | राम एक पत्र लिख रहा था। |
| Past Perfect | Ram had written a letter. | A letter had been written by Ram. | राम ने एक पत्र लिख लिया था। |
| Past Perfect Continuous | ❌ No Passive Form | — | — |
| Future Simple | Ram will write a letter. | A letter will be written by Ram. | राम एक पत्र लिखेगा। |
| Future Continuous | ❌ No Passive Form | — | — |
| Future Perfect | Ram will have written a letter. | A letter will have been written by Ram. | राम एक पत्र लिख चुका होगा। |
| Future Perfect Continuous | ❌ No Passive Form | — | — |
📌 नोट:
👉 Present Perfect Continuous, Past Perfect Continuous, Future Continuous, Future Perfect Continuous में Passive Voice का प्रयोग नहीं होता।
क्यों?
क्योंकि इनमें कार्य की लगातार जारी रहने वाली स्थिति होती है, और passive में object पर जोर होता है, जो इसमें सम्भव नहीं होता।
✔️ Passive Voice बनाने का फॉर्मूला
Active:
👉 Subject + Verb + Object
Passive:
👉 Object + (is/am/are/was/were/will be/has been/had been/will have been) + Verb (V3) + by + Subject
📚 उदाहरण (एक ही वाक्य के साथ)
Active: Ram writes a letter.
-
Present Simple
Passive: A letter is written by Ram.
Active: Ram is writing a letter.
-
Present Continuous
Passive: A letter is being written by Ram.
Active: Ram has written a letter.
-
Present Perfect
Passive: A letter has been written by Ram.
📚 Practice: Active → Passive
🔸 Active Voice (प्रश्न)
-
She reads a book.
-
He is playing cricket.
-
They have completed the work.
-
I wrote a letter.
-
We are watching a movie.
-
The teacher teaches English.
-
Ram will help you.
-
She was cooking food.
-
They had solved the problem.
-
The postman delivered the letter.
-
You will write a story.
-
He has bought a car.
-
The children are flying kites.
-
She had finished the task.
-
We will complete the project.
-
I have made a mistake.
-
He sings a song.
-
The manager will approve the file.
-
The students are learning grammar.
-
She is cleaning the room.
-
They will have decorated the hall.
-
We celebrate Independence Day.
-
She sells flowers.
-
The driver was driving the car.
-
He will build a house.
She reads a book.
He is playing cricket.
They have completed the work.
I wrote a letter.
We are watching a movie.
The teacher teaches English.
Ram will help you.
She was cooking food.
They had solved the problem.
The postman delivered the letter.
You will write a story.
He has bought a car.
The children are flying kites.
She had finished the task.
We will complete the project.
I have made a mistake.
He sings a song.
The manager will approve the file.
The students are learning grammar.
She is cleaning the room.
They will have decorated the hall.
We celebrate Independence Day.
She sells flowers.
The driver was driving the car.
He will build a house.
✅ Answers: Passive Voice
-
A book is read by her.
-
Cricket is being played by him.
-
The work has been completed by them.
-
A letter was written by me.
-
A movie is being watched by us.
-
English is taught by the teacher.
-
You will be helped by Ram.
-
Food was being cooked by her.
-
The problem had been solved by them.
-
The letter was delivered by the postman.
-
A story will be written by you.
-
A car has been bought by him.
-
Kites are being flown by the children.
-
The task had been finished by her.
-
The project will be completed by us.
-
A mistake has been made by me.
-
A song is sung by him.
-
The file will be approved by the manager.
-
Grammar is being learnt by the students.
-
The room is being cleaned by her.
-
The hall will have been decorated by them.
-
Independence Day is celebrated by us.
-
Flowers are sold by her.
-
The car was being driven by the driver.
-
A house will be built by him.
A book is read by her.
Cricket is being played by him.
The work has been completed by them.
A letter was written by me.
A movie is being watched by us.
English is taught by the teacher.
You will be helped by Ram.
Food was being cooked by her.
The problem had been solved by them.
The letter was delivered by the postman.
A story will be written by you.
A car has been bought by him.
Kites are being flown by the children.
The task had been finished by her.
The project will be completed by us.
A mistake has been made by me.
A song is sung by him.
The file will be approved by the manager.
Grammar is being learnt by the students.
The room is being cleaned by her.
The hall will have been decorated by them.
Independence Day is celebrated by us.
Flowers are sold by her.
The car was being driven by the driver.
A house will be built by him.
📚 Practice: Passive → Active
🔸 Passive Voice (प्रश्न)
-
A book is read by her.
-
Cricket is being played by him.
-
The work has been completed by them.
-
A letter was written by me.
-
A movie is being watched by us.
-
English is taught by the teacher.
-
You will be helped by Ram.
-
Food was being cooked by her.
-
The problem had been solved by them.
-
The letter was delivered by the postman.
-
A story will be written by you.
-
A car has been bought by him.
-
Kites are being flown by the children.
-
The task had been finished by her.
-
The project will be completed by us.
-
A mistake has been made by me.
-
A song is sung by him.
-
The file will be approved by the manager.
-
Grammar is being learnt by the students.
-
The room is being cleaned by her.
-
The hall will have been decorated by them.
-
Independence Day is celebrated by us.
-
Flowers are sold by her.
-
The car was being driven by the driver.
-
A house will be built by him.
A book is read by her.
Cricket is being played by him.
The work has been completed by them.
A letter was written by me.
A movie is being watched by us.
English is taught by the teacher.
You will be helped by Ram.
Food was being cooked by her.
The problem had been solved by them.
The letter was delivered by the postman.
A story will be written by you.
A car has been bought by him.
Kites are being flown by the children.
The task had been finished by her.
The project will be completed by us.
A mistake has been made by me.
A song is sung by him.
The file will be approved by the manager.
Grammar is being learnt by the students.
The room is being cleaned by her.
The hall will have been decorated by them.
Independence Day is celebrated by us.
Flowers are sold by her.
The car was being driven by the driver.
A house will be built by him.
✅ Answers: Active Voice
-
She reads a book.
-
He is playing cricket.
-
They have completed the work.
-
I wrote a letter.
-
We are watching a movie.
-
The teacher teaches English.
-
Ram will help you.
-
She was cooking food.
-
They had solved the problem.
-
The postman delivered the letter.
-
You will write a story.
-
He has bought a car.
-
The children are flying kites.
-
She had finished the task.
-
We will complete the project.
-
I have made a mistake.
-
He sings a song.
-
The manager will approve the file.
-
The students are learning grammar.
-
She is cleaning the room.
-
They will have decorated the hall.
-
We celebrate Independence Day.
-
She sells flowers.
-
The driver was driving the car.
-
He will build a house.
She reads a book.
He is playing cricket.
They have completed the work.
I wrote a letter.
We are watching a movie.
The teacher teaches English.
Ram will help you.
She was cooking food.
They had solved the problem.
The postman delivered the letter.
You will write a story.
He has bought a car.
The children are flying kites.
She had finished the task.
We will complete the project.
I have made a mistake.
He sings a song.
The manager will approve the file.
The students are learning grammar.
She is cleaning the room.
They will have decorated the hall.
We celebrate Independence Day.
She sells flowers.
The driver was driving the car.
He will build a house.
Active & Passive Voice Worksheet (Class 6 & 7)
A. Identify the Voice (Active / Passive)
Write Active or Passive:
The teacher explains the lesson. ________
The homework is done by Riya. ________
They are cleaning the classroom. ________
A letter was written by him. ________
She sings a song. ________
The match was won by our team. ________
B. Change Active Voice into Passive Voice
Ram eats an apple.
She writes a story.
They are playing football.
The teacher checked the notebooks.
He is drawing a picture.
We will complete the work.
The dog chased the cat.
She is reading a book.
They built a house.
The boy opened the door.
C. Change Passive Voice into Active Voice
A letter was written by Sita.
The work is being done by them.
A song is sung by her.
The room was cleaned by Ramesh.
The cake was baked by mother.
D. Fill in the blanks (use correct passive form)
A story ________ (write) by her.
The match ________ (win) by our team.
The homework ________ (complete) by him.
A picture ________ (draw) by the boy.
The classroom ________ (clean) by students.
E. Choose the correct option
A letter ________ by Ram.
(a) writes (b) is written (c) wrote
The work ________ by them yesterday.
(a) is completed (b) was completed (c) completes
A song ________ by her now.
(a) is sung (b) is being sung (c) sung
(a) writes (b) is written (c) wrote
(a) is completed (b) was completed (c) completes
(a) is sung (b) is being sung (c) sung
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